Abies concolor

Source: www.nwplants.com

Botanical Name: Abies concolor
Common Name: White Fir, Silver Fir, Colorado Fir
Family: Pinaceae
Type of Plant: Evergreen conifer
Habit: Conical and branched to base, upper branches tend to point upward whereas lower branches are horizontal or directed down.
Growth Rate: Slow
10-Year Height: 
Mature Height: 30-50'
Leaves: Needles curve outwards and upwards on branches, flattened, light green to green to bluish, glaucous on both sides and more or less giving a bluish cast. In heavy shade, needles may show a "flatter" distribution.
Flowers: 
Fruit: Cones erect, stalked, 8-13 cm long, pale green with a purplish bloom, finally brown.
Buds/New Growth: 
Stem/Bark: 
Culture: Sun. Best in deep, rich, moist, well-drained soil, poor on heavy clay. Withstands heat, drought, and cold. Does not tolerate pollution. Hardy to USDA Zone 3.
Pruning: 
Pests/Diseases: 
Landscape Uses: 
Additional Information: concolor: uniform color, refers to both needle surfaces.
Google images of Abies concolor

Calocedrus decurrens

Source: OSU Department of Horticulture

Botanical Name: Calocedrus decurrens
Common Name: Incense Cedar
Family: Cupressaceae
Type of Plant: Evergreen conifer
Habit: Stiff or narrowly columnar in youth, regular in outline, branchlets flattened, terminating in dense, fan-like sprays, wedge-shaped joints.
Growth Rate: 
10-Year Height: 
Mature Height: 70-110'
Leaves: Leaves in 4's closely pressed, a "fluted wine-glass" pattern formed by each outside (lateral) pair of leaves, lustrous dark green throughout the year (little or no winter browning), emitting an aromatic odor when crushed.
Flowers: 
Fruit: Male cones small (3 mm), yellow, female cones cylindrical, 2-2.5 cm long, composed of 6 paired, flattened, and pointed scales ("duck-beaks"), ripening in early autumn.
Buds/New Growth: 
Stem/Bark: Bark light or reddish brown.
Culture: Sun or partial shade. Prefers moist, well-drained, fertile soils, but shows adaptability to different soil types. Hardy to USDA Zone 5.
Pruning: 
Pests/Diseases: 
Landscape Uses: 
Additional Information: calocedrus: from the Greek, kalos, beautiful, and kedros, cedar. decurrens: extending down
Google images of Calocedrus decurrens

Cedrus deodara

Source: OSU Department of Horticulture

Botanical Name: Cedrus deodara
Common Name: Deodar Cedar
Family: Pinaceae
Type of Plant: Evergreen conifer
Habit: Broadly pyramidal with gracefully pendulous branches, drooping central leader, spreading and flat-topped with age. Long branches bearing scattered leaves, and spur-like stems with whorled needles.
Growth Rate: 
10-Year Height: 
Mature Height: 40-70'
Leaves: Needles 15-20 per whorl, or singly on long shoots, light blue or grayish green, or even silvery, softer than C. atlantica).
Flowers: 
Fruit: Male (pollen) cones are upright, 5-7.5 cm long, usually numerous on lower branches, releasing clouds of yellow pollen in fall, then falling and covering the ground. Female (seed) cones are upright, solitary, or in pairs, ovoid, 7.5-10 cm long, require 2 years to mature.
Buds/New Growth: 
Stem/Bark: 
Culture: Sun. Prefers well-drained and somewhat dry soil. Protect from sweeping winds. Hardy to USDA Zone 6 (less hardy than C. atlantica).
Pruning: 
Pests/Diseases: 
Landscape Uses: 
Additional Information: deodara: from the Indian (East) name for the tree.
Google images of Cedrus deodara

Cedrus atlantica 'Glauca'

Source: OSU Department of Horticulture

Botanical Name: Cedrus atlantica 'Glauca'
Common Name: Blue Atlas Cedar
Family: Pinaceae
Type of Plant: Evergreen conifer
Habit: Stiff, erect leader, pyramidal in youth, with age assumes a flat-topped habit with ascending or horizontal branches. Branch tips tend not to droop.
Growth Rate: 
10-Year Height: 
Mature Height: 40-60'
Leaves: Bluish-green needles clustered on spurs, or alternate on leading twigs, somewhat stiff.
Flowers: 
Fruit: Male (pollen) cones are about 5 cm long, erect. They release clouds of yellow pollen in the fall. Female (seed) cones are barrel-shaped, upright, 5-7.5 cm long, and require 2 years to mature.
Buds/New Growth: 
Stem/Bark: 
Culture: Sun or partial shade. Hardy to USDA Zone 6 (not hardy for much of the US).
Pruning: 
Pests/Diseases: 
Landscape Uses: 
Additional Information: 
Google images of Cedrus atlantica 'Glauca'

Tsuga heterophylla

Source: www.nwplants.com

Botanical Name: Tsuga heterophylla
Common Name: Western Hemlock
Family: Pinaceae
Type of Plant: Evergreen conifer
Habit: Narrowly pyramidal when young, pendulous branches.
Growth Rate: 
10-Year Height: 
Mature Height: 60-100'
Leaves: Needles in more or less 2 ranks, although arising from all around the stem, equally broad from base to apex, rounded apex, finely dentate margin, very short petiole, shiny dark green and grooved above, with 2 broad whitish bands below with indistinct edges; persist 4-7 years.
Flowers: 
Fruit: Cones elliptical, light brown, 2-2.5 cm long, each cone contains 30-40 small seeds.
Buds/New Growth: 
Stem/Bark: 
Culture: Sun, but can take a fair amount of shade in the forest.
Pruning: 
Pests/Diseases: 
Landscape Uses: Can be sheared into a hedge when young. Bonsai. Native planting.
Additional Information: State tree of Washington. heterophylla: refers to the different sized leaves on the same twig, smaller toward the tip.
Google images of Tsuga heterophylla

Tsuga mertensiana

Source: www.nwplants.com

Botanical Name: Tsuga mertensiana
Common Name: Mountain Hemlock
Family: Pinaceae
Type of Plant: Evergreen conifer
Habit: Narrowly conical, branches and twigs thin and nodding.
Growth Rate: 
10-Year Height: 
Mature Height: 30-100'
Leaves: Needles arranged radially around the stem, but densest on the upper side, linear, stomatal lines on both sides, apex blunt, base attached to the stem via a roundish "peg" and short petiole, gray-green to silver-white; on short lateral branches the needles are grouped in star-like clusters.
Flowers: 
Fruit: Cones oblong-cylindrical, stalkless, pendulous, often purple when young.
Buds/New Growth: 
Stem/Bark: bark charcoal gray to reddish brown, scaly and deeply fissured.
Culture: Sun, if soil not too dry. Best growth occurs in areas of moist air and cool summer temperatures. Hardy to USDA Zone 5.
Pruning: 
Pests/Diseases: 
Landscape Uses: Bonsai, small gardens.
Additional Information: mertensiana: after Karl Heinrich Mertens, a German botanist who discovered it in 1827.
Google images of Tsuga mertensiana

Tsuga canadensis

Source: OSU Department of Horticulture

Botanical Name: Tsuga canadensis
Common Name: Canadian Hemlock; Eastern Hemlock
Family: Pinaceae
Type of Plant: Evergreen conifer
Habit: Dense, conical crown when young, becoming ragged and irregular with age, branches spreading horizontally from the trunk. Dead branches persist.
Growth Rate: 
10-Year Height: 
Mature Height: 40-80'
Leaves: Needles in 2 ranks, flat, slightly tapered, margin finely toothed, upper side glossy green, whitish below with well-defined stomatal lines. A few shorter needles (usually upside down) over the stem.
Flowers: 
Fruit: Seed cones ovoid, pointed, purplish-brown. Seed release in fall and winter. Spent cones remain on the tree into the next season.
Buds/New Growth: Buds are ovoid and pointed.
Stem/Bark: 
Culture: Sun or shade. Best in moist, well-drained, acid soils, but appears adaptable to calcareous soils. Avoid windy, dry, and wet sites. Hardy to USDA Zone 3b.
Pruning: 
Pests/Diseases: 
Landscape Uses: 
Additional Information: 
Google images of Tsuga canadensis

Juniperus communis

Source: www.nwplants.com

Botanical Name: Juniperus communis
Common Name: Common Juniper
Family: Cupressaceae
Type of Plant: Evergreen convifer
Habit: Various forms, from groundcover to shrub.
Growth Rate: Slow
10-Year Height: < 6'
Mature Height: 5 - 10'
Leaves: Only awl-shaped (needles), spreading at a wide angle from the stem, tapering to a spiny point, concave above with a wide white band, often in whorls of 3, persisting for 3 years. Branchlets triangular with projecting ridges.
Flowers: Usually dioecious, staminate yellow.
Fruit: Female cones, solitary, globose, green at first then bluish or black, covered with waxy bloom. Seeds usually 3, elongated ovoid, tri-cornered with depressions between. Fruits used as a diuretic and for flavoring gin.
Buds/New Growth: 
Stem/Bark: Reddish brown, scaling off in papery sheets.
Culture: Full sun
Pruning: 
Pests/Diseases: 
Landscape Uses: Can be handsome groundcover for sandy soils and waste places, useful for undergrowth and naturalized plantings.
Additional Information: 

Chamaecyparis pisifera 'Sungold'

Source: OSU Department of Horticulture

Botanical Name: Chamaecyparis pisifera 'Sungold'
Common Name: Sungold False Cypress
Family: Cupressaceae
Type of Plant: Evergreen conifer
Habit: Loose, open shrub with numerous branchlets in slender feathery sprays.
Growth Rate: Medium
10-Year Height: < 6'
Mature Height: 3' - 5'
Leaves: Scale-like, golden color, thread-like branchlets, sharp pointed. White markings on underside.
Flowers: Monoecious. Insignificant.
Fruit: Cones look like shriveled peas. Crowded, short-stalked.
Buds/New Growth: 
Stem/Bark: Thread-like branchlets. Bark is rather smooth, reddish brown.
Culture: Full sun
Pruning: 
Pests/Diseases: 
Landscape Uses: Foundation plant, rock garden, specimen, somewhere that needs color.
Additional Information: 

Chamaecyparis obtusa 'Gracilis'

Source: OSU Department of Horticulture

Botanical Name: Chamaecyparis obtusa 'Gracilis'
Common Name: Slender Hinoki False Cypress
Family: Cupressaceae
Type of Plant: Evergreen conifer
Habit: Has a sculpted look, with cup-like and blunt branchlets.
Growth Rate: Slow
10-Year Height: < 6'
Mature Height: 12' - 20'
Leaves: Closely pressed, scale-like, white X and Y markings on underside, cupped branchlets. Dieback on inside in winter.
Flowers: Monecious. Insignificant.
Fruit: Soccer ball cones, short-stalked.
Buds/New Growth: 
Stem/Bark: Reddish brown, shed in long narrow strips.
Culture: Full sun.
Pruning: 
Pests/Diseases: 
Landscape Uses: Woodland edge, alpine garden, specimen, foundation plant, line softener.
Additional Information: obtusa: blunt, the leaves

Chamaecyparis nootkatensis 'Pendula'

Source: OSU Department of Horticulture

Botanical Name: Chamaecyparis nootkatensis 'Pendula'
Common Name: Weeping Alaska Cedar
Family: Cupressaceae
Type of Plant: Evergreen conifer
Habit: Upright, weepy, "wizard sleeves"
Growth Rate: Medium
10-Year Height: > 10'
Mature Height: 30' - 45'
Leaves: Closely pressed, same color on both sides, scale-like, feather-like leaflet, usually not glandular, gray-green to bluish green, rank-smelling when crushed.
Flowers: Monecious. April-May
Fruit: Male: creamy white tips. Female: Round and woody. Cones are like soccer balls: globose, with 4 (6) scales furnished with a triangular pointed boss, ripen in second year.
Buds/New Growth: 
Stem/Bark: Branches usually pendulous. Reddish brown bark.
Culture: Full sun.
Pruning: 
Pests/Diseases: 
Landscape Uses: Specimen, focal point, screen, woodland edge, native area.
Additional Information: 

Abies procera

Source: OSU Department of Horticulture

Botanical Name: Abies procera
Common Name: Noble Fir
Family: Pinaceae
Type of Plant: Evergreen Conifer
Habit: Symmetrically pyramidal to narrow, bark shows resin blisters on young trees
Growth Rate: Medium
10-Year Height: > 10
Mature Height: 50 - 100 feet; can get over 200 feet in the wild
Leaves: Needles, blue-green, whitish stomatal lines on both upper and lower surfaces, hockey stick shape at base, spreading in two rows, flat, grooved above, rounded or slightly notched at apex (emarginate), crowned and curved upward, more or less flat on lower branches, but conspicuously 4-sided on mid and upper branches.
Flowers: Insignificant
Fruit: Cones 14-25 cm long and 7-8 cm thick, green when young, purple-brown when ripe; bracts prominent, long pointed, reflexed so as to hide scales.
Buds/New Growth: 
Stem/Bark: Twigs slender, reddish brown, and minutely pubescent the first few years.
Culture: Sun. Difficult to grow under lowland conditions unless in a cool, moist, but well drained soil.
Pruning: 
Pests/Diseases: 
Landscape Uses: Often grown as a Christmas tree.
Additional Information: 

Abies lasiocarpa

Source: OSU Department of Horticulture

Botanical Name: Abies lasiocarpa
Common Name: Alpine Fir, Subalpine Fir, Rocky Mountain Fir
Family: Pinaceae
Type of Plant: Evergreen Conifer
Habit: Crown narrow, dense, branches short drooping
Growth Rate: Slow
10-Year Height: < 6
Mature Height: 100 feet
Leaves: Grayish-green to light bluish-green, crowded, curving upward on upper twigs, sometimes 2-ranked, flat, stomatal lines on both surfaces
Flowers: Insignificant
Fruit: Cones erect, barrel shaped, grayish-brown, resinous
Buds/New Growth: 
Stem/Bark: 
Culture: Sun or part shade. Best if grown in a cool, moist situation in the Pacific Northwest.
Pruning: 
Pests/Diseases: 
Landscape Uses:
Additional Information: